• Iran and Oman have issued a joint statement emphasizing their sovereign rights and jurisdiction over parts of the Strait of Hormuz, signaling a bilateral approach to governance.
  • The framework, described as operating within international law, could impact global oil flows and freedom of navigation norms.
  • Other Gulf states will be consulted, but final decisions on management rest with Tehran and Muscat.

A Joint Framework Emerges

Iran and Oman have formalized a joint stance on the Strait of Hormuz, asserting their sovereign rights over territorial waters in a statement that underscores bilateral control. According to people familiar with the matter, the two countries intend to publish a formal instrument outlining governance procedures, traffic management, and dispute resolution mechanisms. The move comes amid broader Gulf tensions and debates over maritime sovereignty, with major regional powers—notably Saudi Arabia and the UAE—watching closely.

“The joint statement reaffirms our natural right to coordinate over the strait,” an Iranian official said, speaking on condition of anonymity. An Omani representative echoed the sentiment, emphasizing that consultations with other Gulf states will occur, but “final decisions will rest with Iran and Oman.” Attempts to reach Saudi and Emirati officials for comment were unsuccessful.

Implications for Global Oil Flows

The Strait of Hormuz is a critical chokepoint for about a fifth of the world's oil shipments. Any shift in governance could affect transit costs, tolls, and supply route stability. Markets are already eyeing potential changes in service fees or routing procedures, which could introduce volatility in oil prices. “This is a significant development,” said a maritime analyst. “If a formal regime is introduced, it could standardize fees but also reduce predictability for shippers.”

Navigating International Law

The proposed framework is described as operating within international law, but questions linger about its alignment with freedom of navigation principles long asserted by Western powers. The bilateral approach contrasts with earlier US-led interpretations of transit rights. Experts suggest this could complicate interoperability with international naval norms and inspire other regional states to push for similar arrangements.

“This is a practical bilateral instrument rather than a multilateral treaty,” said a Gulf security consultant. “It consolidates control in the hands of the two littoral states, potentially excluding others.” The development is expected to feature prominently in upcoming diplomatic engagements, including talks with the US and EU.

Correction

An earlier version of this article incorrectly stated that a joint statement had been published. In fact, the joint statement has been issued but the formal governance instrument is still forthcoming.