Personalized Nursing Services S.A.

As of December 31, 2018, Personalized Nursing Services S.A. trades at an EV/EBITDA multiple of 26.38 - the valuation measure that neutralizes differences in capital structure, tax rates, and depreciation policy, making it the standard yardstick for comparing companies across an industry. The EV/Sales ratio of 0.08 reflects the premium investors pay for the company's revenue stream, a useful check when earnings are depressed or negative. Its EV/EBIT multiple of 26.38 values the business against core operating earnings after depreciation, a stricter test than EV/EBITDA for capital-intensive businesses. Personalized Nursing Services S.A. trades at an EV/FCF ratio of 2.31, comparing the total takeover cost of the business to the cash it actually generates for all capital providers.

As of December 31, 2018, Personalized Nursing Services S.A. maintains a current ratio of 0.93, meaning it holds 0.9x the short-term assets needed to cover near-term liabilities. The debt-to-equity ratio is 39.14, indicating elevated leverage, while an interest coverage ratio of 0.09 demonstrates limited ability to service its debt obligations.

Over the twelve months ended December 31, 2018, Personalized Nursing Services S.A. posted a negative return on equity (ROE) of -12.84, meaning shareholder capital produced losses rather than profits. Return on assets (ROA) is negative at -4.66, reflecting losses generated across the asset base.

Over the twelve months ended December 31, 2018, Personalized Nursing Services S.A. posted a gross margin of 55.95, reflecting its pricing power and cost economics. The operating margin of 0.31 and net profit margin of -3.42 provide insight into operational efficiency.

As of December 31, 2018, Personalized Nursing Services S.A. has an Altman Z-Score of 1.54, below the 3.0 threshold that indicates strong financial health and minimal bankruptcy risk.