Invesco Galaxy Bitcoin ETF (BTCO) is an exchange-traded fund that seeks to reflect the performance of the spot price of bitcoin, as measured by the Lukka Prime Bitcoin Reference Rate, less the fund's expenses and other liabilities. The ETF invests directly and 100% physically in bitcoin held in cold storage custody by Coinbase Custody Trust Company, with cash handled by The Bank of New York Mellon; it trades on the Cboe BZX Exchange under the ticker BTCO with a total expense ratio of 0.25%, creation and redemption principally in cash through authorized participants in blocks of 5,000 shares, and T+1 settlement. Launched on January 11, 2024, BTCO operates as a 1933 Act Grantor Trust domiciled in the US, targeting retail and institutional investors seeking regulated exposure to bitcoin without direct custody complexities, private key management, or wallet risks.
BTCO leverages the strategic partnership between sponsor Invesco Ltd., a leading global ETF provider headquartered in Atlanta with over $700 billion in assets under management and more than 20 years of ETF innovation, and Galaxy Asset Management, an affiliate of Galaxy Digital Holdings Ltd. headquartered in New York City with deep digital asset expertise, $3.2 billion in global spot ETP assets, and experience managing crypto ETPs in Canada, Brazil, and Europe. Galaxy serves as the execution agent for over-the-counter bitcoin trades, enhancing liquidity through its network of exchanges and counterparties, operational risk management, and institutional-grade infrastructure to minimize tracking error and costs compared to competitors relying on third-party custodians.
Recent developments include a post-effective amendment to the prospectus filed in December 2025, enabling in-kind creation and redemption alongside cash mechanisms to improve tax efficiency and operational flexibility. Invesco and Galaxy expanded their digital assets collaboration with the launch of the Invesco Galaxy Solana ETP (QSOL) in December 2025, complementing BTCO and the Invesco Galaxy Ethereum ETP as part of a growing suite of physically backed cryptocurrency products; BTCO has demonstrated strong performance with a +96% NAV return since inception and one of the tightest tracking to spot bitcoin at -0.73% difference among peers. At inception, Invesco waived the management fee to zero for the first six months on assets up to $5 billion to drive adoption following SEC approval of spot bitcoin ETFs.