Express Scripts Holding Company

As of September 30, 2018, Express Scripts Holding Company has 563.60M shares outstanding.

As of September 30, 2018, Express Scripts Holding Company trades at a trailing price-to-earnings ratio of 10.92. The price-to-sales ratio is 0.53, and the price-to-book ratio stands at 2.83.

As of September 30, 2018, Express Scripts Holding Company trades at an EV/EBITDA multiple of 8.87 - the valuation measure that neutralizes differences in capital structure, tax rates, and depreciation policy, making it the standard yardstick for comparing companies across an industry. The EV/Sales ratio of 0.64 reflects the premium investors pay for the company's revenue stream, a useful check when earnings are depressed or negative. Its EV/EBIT multiple of 12.12 values the business against core operating earnings after depreciation, a stricter test than EV/EBITDA for capital-intensive businesses. Express Scripts Holding Company trades at an EV/FCF ratio of 12.96, comparing the total takeover cost of the business to the cash it actually generates for all capital providers.

As of September 30, 2018, Express Scripts Holding Company maintains a current ratio of 0.77, meaning it holds 0.8x the short-term assets needed to cover near-term liabilities. The debt-to-equity ratio is 72.89, indicating elevated leverage, while an interest coverage ratio of 11.70 demonstrates strong ability to service its debt obligations.

Over the twelve months ended September 30, 2018, Express Scripts Holding Company posted a return on equity (ROE) of 29.79, showing how much profit the company earns on every dollar of shareholder capital. Return on assets (ROA) stands at 9.19, measuring how efficiently the asset base is converted into earnings. Return on capital employed (ROCE) is 46.55, useful for judging operating efficiency across full business cycles. Inventory turnover of 43.79 indicates how many times Express Scripts Holding Company sells and replaces its inventory over a year, a key working capital efficiency ratio.

These figures cover the twelve months ended September 30, 2018. That works out to an effective tax rate of 68.95, which can sit above or below the statutory corporate tax rate depending on foreign earnings mix, tax credits, and one-off items.

Over the twelve months ended September 30, 2018, Express Scripts Holding Company posted a gross margin of 8.81, reflecting its pricing power and cost economics. The operating margin of 5.27 and net profit margin of 4.83 provide insight into operational efficiency.

These figures cover the twelve months ended September 30, 2018. Free cash flow yield stands at 8.09, showing how much cash the business generates relative to its market value - dividends covered by free cash flow are generally more durable than those funded by debt. Total shareholder yield reaches 0.69, combining dividends paid with share buybacks and debt reduction for a fuller picture of capital returned to Express Scripts Holding Company shareholders.

Express Scripts Holding Company's most recent stock split took place on June 8, 2010 with a 1:2 split ratio.

As of September 30, 2018, Express Scripts Holding Company has an Altman Z-Score of 9.74, well above the 3.0 threshold that indicates strong financial health and minimal bankruptcy risk.