C.E. Info Systems Ltd.

C.E. Info Systems Ltd.

865.70
INR
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32.31P/E
44.34BMarket Cap

Q1 FY2027 · Earnings Call TranscriptAugust 4, 2026

Operator

Ladies and gentlemen, good day and welcome to the C.E. Info Systems Limited Q1 FY27 earnings conference call hosted by Arihant Capital Markets Limited.

As a reminder, all participant lines will be in the listen-only mode, and there will be an opportunity for you to ask questions after the presentation concludes. Should you need assistance during this conference call, please signal an operator by pressing star then zero on your touchtone phone.

Please note that this conference is being recorded. I now hand the conference over to Ms.

Natasha Singh from Arihant Capital Markets Limited. Thank you, and over to you, ma'am.

Natasha Singh

Thank you so much. Hello, and good evening to everyone.

On behalf of Arihant Capital, I thank you all for joining into Q1 FY27 earning conference call of C.E. Info Systems Limited.

Today from the management, we have Mr. Rakesh Kumar Verma, sir, Group Chairman, MD; Mr.

Rohan Verma, Joint MD; Mr. Anuj Jain, CFO; Mr.

Saurabh Somani, sir, the CS of the company. Without any further delay, I'll hand over the call to the management for their opening remark.

Over to you, sir.

Rakesh Kumar Verma

Thank you, Natasha. This is Rakesh Verma.

I'll briefly talk about the Q1's achievements, and the things that have happened. As we have reported on the stock exchange, we had a Q1 FY27 revenue is up by 14.9% year-on-year to ₹139.7 crores, EBITDA at 56.1 crore with EBITDA margin at 40.2%, PAT is up 8.6% to 49.7 crores with PAT margin at 31.2%.

The details are there in what we have loaded on the stock exchange. We have also uploaded the investor presentation where you can see the details of our performance.

I would like to bring to the notice of all that our framework for reporting the market segments, we have changed from A&M and C&E, which used to be there for last 5 years, calling it automotive and mobility and the other one was consumer tech and enterprise. The new framework is simple, easy to understand, and it is straightaway Automotive, Enterprise, and Government.

These are the three market segments in which we operate and we earn our revenue from. If you have questions on those, will certainly be happy to answer that.

The third point I wanted to inform all of you, and it was already announced on 30th of June, the appointment of Rohan Verma as the Joint Managing Director of the company. With that, the company is now having stronger leadership, and it should show up in the times to come.

With that, let me ask Rohan to give you some of his perspective.

Rohan Verma

Thank you, Mr. Verma, and good evening to everybody.

This is Rohan Verma here. Two broad points from my side.

One is that, and we have written this kind of in our press release and investor presentation, would love if you kind of go through it in more detail, but essentially on AI as the first point, that AI is not new to us. We've been using AI for the last 5-plus years, maybe 6, 7, 8 years to update and enhance our maps.

It's one of the reasons why our map is the best quality and built efficiently. We've also been building AI capabilities into our products and delivering more features and benefits to our customers.

Now what we are doing from the recent times is leaning heavily into AI, accelerating and increasing our push into AI-native product development, AI-native product offerings, and AI-native as an organization. That will really drive us forward in a, as Mr.

Verma said, in a golden era manner. Now the other part that I wanted to kind of talk about is so that people understand our business even better.

We are a multi-product, multi-industry, and multi-use case products, platforms, APIs, and solutions company. Now for 30 years, what we have been doing is continuously envisioning the future and innovating at the cutting edge of tech, building world-class and a wide variety of products and solutions.

Those products and solutions, we have a rich legacy of serving thousands of enterprise customers across industry verticals, giving a lot of use cases. That is why customers work with us.

Each of our products in some way or the other is complementary. That is the moat that we have, that is the flywheel that we have, and that is what is giving the opportunity of 1x1 unlocking this matrix of products multiplied by industry verticals that will give us the opportunity to keep growing.

We've kind of written down the details of what our map-led products are, what our IoT-led products are. That, and of course, Mr.

Verma talked about kind of our market segments, automotive OEMs, enterprises, government. We've explained the details of that, who all comprises in that, and you'll see that that gives us a lot of opportunity to kind of grow.

There is no other company like us when it comes to deep-tech products in India or even I would say around the world. As the market in India and then slowly internationally will grow, this will give us the right to win and right to achieve excellent growth in the time to come.

With that, would love to kind of take your questions. Thank you very much.

Operator

Thank you very much. We will now begin with the question and answer session.

Anyone who wishes to ask a question may please press star and one on their touchtone telephone. If you wish to remove yourself from the question queue, you may press star and two.

Participants are requested to use handsets while asking a question. Ladies and gentlemen, we'll wait for a moment while the question queue assembles.

The first question is from the line of Anmol Garg from DAM Capital. Please proceed with your question.

Anmol Garg

Hi. Thanks for the opportunity.

I had a few questions. Rohan, firstly, congratulations on the JMD position.

Just wanted to understand, what is the key focus area for the first couple of years, any particular industry or vertical that you want to focus on the business hereon? That will be my first question.

Rohan Verma

Sure. See, there are a lot of opportunities ahead for us, as I kind of mentioned in this matrix of products multiplied by industry verticals, right?

Some of the big areas that we've been seeing as green shoot, obviously, there's a very strong core business where we have extreme amount of market leadership, which is the map-based automotive business and the map-based enterprise business. That is being looked after very well already.

It's the driver for profits and kind of baseload of revenue, and there also, there are growth opportunities. There are other places where there's stronger growth in the nearer term also possible where we've been investing behind, which is the public sector business, which is government, and the IoT-driven business, which cuts across industries.

In public sector, as we talked about earlier, defense, oil and gas, these are two of the areas where there are a lot of opportunities, and we've been seeing green shoots. Like that, in public sector, to be honest, there are lots of other opportunities across our range of products, geospatial being only one such.

In the gov-tech space, if we look at it in India, probably we have the right to win good quality business across our range of products and solutions, which we've kind of alluded to in detail in the presentation. These are at least two of the areas that I'm focused on personally besides supporting the needs of the company, all the leaders in the company, wherever I can contribute.

Anmol Garg

Sure. Thanks, that's helpful.

Second is, last year, we indicated that there is a reduction in a contract in large auto OEM. Now just wanted to understand that did this happen in the 2H of last year?

If that is the case, then 2H of FY27, could it be much better this year given that we have a weaker base over there?

Rakesh Kumar Verma

Anmol, it was not and it is not a reduction in the contract. The OEM has decided not to have the entire technology, not just ours, but the technology all related to that, not to put into the vehicle at last year.

Now that may continue this year, but the two things are to be noted. One is the worst-case scenario could be that the contract period might get extended, or they might change, or which we believe they are in the process of changing, where more vehicles will come with our technology.

Anmol Garg

Right, sir. Sir, just wanted to understand when did it start in last year because that will give us an idea to look at our Y-o-Y growth for the next couple of quarters.

Rohan Verma

It got time shifted. As Mr.

Verma explained, this is time shifted, and second half is when the time shifting, let's say, started happening last year. Otherwise, as we said before, automotive actually would have grown even more.

Although as you see in that A&E split, that's an important slide that we have put where for every quarter for the last 9 quarters including this quarter, we have shown how automotive, enterprise, and government segmental revenue has kind of evolved. If you look at this Q1 year-on-year from 26 crores in Q1 FY25 to 46 crores in Q1 FY26 to 59 crores in Q1 FY27.

Yes, yearly trend, it was 182 in FY25, became 190 in FY26. That is where if the time shifting had not, let's say, happened second half, that growth would have been more in automotive.

Anmol Garg

Understood. One last thing is in this quarter, we have stated in our presentation that there was a 4 crore write-off in one of the client.

Can you talk a little bit more on it? Is this amount recoverable over the next few quarters?

Rakesh Kumar Verma

First let me tell you it is a one-time write-off of a government client. Now because of that, the impact has been, which is almost like a 4 crore, but the net effect of that is only 80 lakhs as far as the P&L is concerned.

Had that not happened, our EBITDA would have been, instead of 40.2, it would have been 43-plus. Right.

Anmol Garg

From that perspective, can we expect that our EBITDA over the next couple of quarters could be in this 43, 44% kind of range?

Rakesh Kumar Verma

Anmol, we have been always saying that we have kept a target for us to do a 35%-plus for the whole year. Quarter-by-quarter, you'll have to see what happens every quarter.

Anmol Garg

Sure, sir. Thank you for answering my questions, and I'll join back in the queue.

Operator

Thank you, sir. The next question is from the line of Amar Maurya from Lucky Investment.

Please proceed with your question.

Amar Maurya

Yeah. Hi, sir.

Thanks a lot for the opportunity. Firstly on the standalone business, if I see the map-led business had actually grown 6% only even in this quarter.

This is the hardware part of the business which has shown a growth in the overall growth in a standalone piece. Secondly, if I see the subsidiary's revenue has again came down.

What has happened to the growth? Why the growth is not coming into the core business?

Rohan Verma

Amar, you have to look at the consol. The standalone will not give you the right picture because, as we've explained before, some of the government IoT business, the business is won in MapmyIndia because MapmyIndia has credentials and then it gets subcontracted for government to the government subsidiary, and for IoT, the execution happens from the IoT subsidiary.

There is not much value in kind of analyzing standalone and consolidated at standalone. You should look at the consolidated, and then you can look at independently, let's say, the subsidiary, but those are private-listed.

At the consol level, what you see is map-led and IoT-led, which is showing this different dynamics. Map-led went from 98.2 crore to 98.7, and IoT-led went from 23.4 to 41.

In that map-led, as we kind of talked about, that for government specifically, I can say, government is a slow starter in the years. Q1 is generally the weakest in government.

You can see the last 9 years 9 quarters kind of trend. I hope that kind of gives you some sense of what's going on.

If you look at automotive, it's gone from 45.7 to 58.8%, which is a 29 58.8 crore, which is a 29% jump. Then enterprise has grown from 60.6 to 64 crore, which is a 6% jump.

Amar Maurya

So Secondly, sir, now in terms of the growth, how we should see the growth going forward? Because if I see the Q4, there were few backlog which you talked about on the government side which were likely to be pushed in this year as an whole.

Rohan Verma

Okay. Then

Amar Maurya

how we should look overall growth in this quarter on a consol basis? This,

Rohan Verma

Amar, what we had disclosed at end of Q4 of FY26 was an open order book of 1,750 crore, which had grown, I think, from 1,500 crore the previous year-end. That gives us strong kind of visibility.

Previous to 1,500 crore, it was about 1,350 crore was the open order book. That's grown healthily, and that's what gives us the visibility into future growth.

We can't obviously comment quarter-on-quarter what is going to happen. You can keep seeing the performance every quarter.

This quarter has been good quarter, and we have a pretty solid open order book. Teams are hard at work, and we are confident about what we're going to do in the time to come.

Okay.

Amar Maurya

Basically, you are saying on a full-year basis, this open order book will percolate into the revenue and the growth should be visible. Because, sir, see, frankly speaking, the growth we are expecting, right, a company like us should be a much higher growth.

Specifically, on a core business basis, the growth should be there, right? The map-led growth, if you see in this quarter, is basically very, very flat kind of a growth.

It is largely the IoT which is basically growing, and that is the reason the profitability has also got impacted. Because obviously, the IoT business will not have the similar kind of profitability, right?

Rakesh Kumar Verma

I would suggest that if you understand the overall MapmyIndia business, it is map-led, IoT-led. It is automotive, corporate enterprise, and government.

Within automotive: two-wheelers, four-wheelers, commercial vehicles, like that. In enterprise again, you have all kinds of industries, whether it is BFSI, quick commerce, e-commerce, or you name it.

Okay? The government also, it is so many different verticals.

Now if you start trying to look at that why didn't two-wheeler grow or why didn't quick commerce grow, it will not give you a true picture. What you have to really look at is, one, understand that we are so well diversified that our risk is minimized.

Imagine even one contract that got delayed or, let's say, the one Anmol was talking about, it didn't impact us adversely to that extent because we were still diversified within our overall business. I suggest couple of things.

One is look at the annual scenario, number one. Second is look at the diversification that we have, because the concentration also you people look at very closely, that how much is the concentration.

Even that is well diversified. This removes the risk of a company's growth, a company's profitability, and all that.

Amar Maurya

Sure, sir. Thank you.

Thanks a lot.

Operator

Thank you, sir. The next question is from the line of Amit Chandra from HDFC Securities.

Please proceed with your question. Yeah.

Sir,

Amit Chandra

thanks for the opportunity. Sir, my question is on the order book.

Obviously, we have a healthy order book that provides us the visibility. Within that, if you can provide the mix of the order book, how much of that would be automotive, enterprise, and government?

That would be helpful to understand which segment will drive the growth. Within the enterprise, which is the focus vertical for us, if you can update on the recent deal wins that we had, specially with the large e-commerce player, where we are in terms of the traction there and the scaling that deal?

Rakesh Kumar Verma

Rohan will tell you more, but I'm sure you are from Mumbai, correct?

Amit Chandra

Yes, sir. Now

Rakesh Kumar Verma

if you see what Amazon Now is doing, I don't know if you have used Amazon Now for quick commerce or not.

Amit Chandra

Sir.

Rakesh Kumar Verma

MapmyIndia is powering it, correct?

Amit Chandra

Okay.

Rakesh Kumar Verma

You can see our logo also at some places. Point I'm trying to make is every industry, within the industry also, certain activities get impacted by some of the technologies that we bring in.

Just thinking that quick commerce will only grow or that BFSI will only grow, it doesn't give us any direct picture or direct clue. What we look at is what the technology, products, platform we have built or we are continuously building.

Now with AI, the delivery system is becoming much, much better and useful for the customers. It's again a combination of all of that is what leads us to the entire growth story.

Rohan, you can add something. Yeah.

We

Rohan Verma

we disclose currently, Amit, the order book split by fixed pricing and volume-based, huh? That last year, we would have given end of last year, meaning 3 months ago, we would have given that split to give a sense of kind of what is fixed visibility versus what is volume-based, and there's a track record in terms of kind of, order book to kind of revenue conversion.

Obviously, internally kind of what we do is order book is at an individual order level, and there's a billing kind of that happens against that order. We have, but for competitive reasons, at least so far, we're not disclosing that.

Obviously, this is how we track the visibility of the business at a, market segment level, AEG, but also, subvertical as well as kind of customer-wise. Because even before that, we have the whole funnel of customers that we are engaged with, and at all metrics, across the AEG, all three are looking good.

Within AEG, the subverticals, different ones are growing at different rates, but, that is what the effort of the team is to maximize the order bookings and and then from there, the execution or the billing and hence the revenue. We disclose it right now, the order book, as volume and fixed, and we do this once a year, and you can

Amit Chandra

Okay. My second question is on the write-off that we have taken in this quarter, in terms of the government business that we have.

If you can tell us what part of your receivables would be from the government contracts? In terms of the incremental business that we're getting from the government contracts, is there any further risk of any kind of write-off that we're seeing or any collections delay that we see in the government contracts versus the others?

In terms of our 3-year strategy, how we want to approach the government contracts?

Rohan Verma

Yeah. Also sorry, just to kind of complete the answer to the second part of your last question, which is kind of wins across enterprise.

We've talked about this mobility and logistics wins, the BFSI wins, and the manufacturing and telecom wins as well as some renewable energy. There are wins across the subsegments.

Sorry, I'm just kind of concluding on that previous question. When it comes to government, yeah, this was a one-time write-off for a very specific customer that we had to take.

In general, yes, we are carefully tracking the government receivables. It is a longer cycle on government than on the automotive and enterprise.

As government has grown, it has kind of reflected in the receivables that the company has. I would still say that our receivables are far better than peer companies when it comes to government.

Yes, we also have to be careful, and I think that's some of the things that we are looking at very carefully, continuing to look carefully, and we do course corrections as part of that. This write-off was kind of as part of that only.

Rakesh Kumar Verma

The reason we did the write-off was when we were 100% sure that it will never be able to get that revenue, we decided that it's better to do the write-off than just keep it in our receivables. Okay.

Amit Chandra

In terms of the overall receivables that we have, what part would be from government contracts as of the end of this quarter?

Rohan Verma

This receivables we must have shared in the FY26-end quarter. Balance sheet is there on the investor, I don't have it just off the top of my hand, I don't remember.

Rakesh Kumar Verma

In

Rohan Verma

Q1, we've not given the balance sheet, but just a quarter ago, we had given it. Yes, of course, the majority of the receivable will be from government.

I'm trying to remember, it was 120, 130 crore? What was the receivable total?

176 crore was the total at the end of FY26. Majority of that was from the government.

Not like large majority, but I can't give the exact number, but it was a majority, but not like a large majority.

Amit Chandra

Rohan. Thank you, and all the best.

Thank you, sir.

Rohan Verma

Thank you.

Operator

Thank you, sir. The next question is from the line of Gautam Rathi from PWC.

Please proceed with your question.

Gautam Rathi

Hi. Thanks for taking my question, and congrats on a good set of numbers.

I have a few of them, but just before the questions, Mr. Verma, you just clarified the impact due to this receivable write-off is only 80 lakhs on the P&L, right?

The press release presentation which I read, it says EBITDA margin was impacted by 4% due to this 4 crore one-time write-off. I just wanted to reconcile because if I take 4%, it comes to the right number, but there is some disconnect, right?

If you can clarify that first.

Rakesh Kumar Verma

Let me make you understand in a simple way. Approximately 4 crores was the one where our receivable existed.

That 4 crore of receivable and back-to-back, there was a payment for 3.2 Cr. Okay?

Now I don't have to make that payment of 3.2 Cr, and I am not going to get the 4 crore Cr. The accounting treatment of that is net 80 lakhs.

Gautam Rathi

Okay. In your P&L, the charge-off is only 80 lakhs.

That means your EBITDA margin which you have written in the presentation that it is impacted by 4% is actually much lower. It's about 1.5%.

Rakesh Kumar Verma

EBITDA margin is impacted, but

Rohan Verma

PAT margin,

Rakesh Kumar Verma

80 lakhs of impact, EBITDA margin is impacted more, 4%. That's what he's trying to understand, that how EBITDA margin is impacted 4%.

Because that write-off that happened has gone into the other expense, and that the payback, what we don't have to make the payment, has gone as an other income.

Gautam Rathi

Understood. Your net impact is 80, but actually the reported EBITDA is impacted by 4%, but it's coming in other income, that is below the EBITDA.

That's what you're saying.

Rohan Verma

Right. You got it.

Gautam Rathi

That's why. Okay.

Understood. That's very clear.

Understood. Second, just actually now two things.

One is, can you share some update on your international regions which you had forayed some time back, how is it going, how is it progressing, that is one. Second, also if you can help us understand the seasonality of the services part of the IoT business, right?

Because my understanding or at least the way we look at it, we thought it's much recurring business and over a period of time, but there seems to be some seasonality there, too. If you can just help us understand that better also.

Rohan Verma

Sure. Let me answer the second one first.

It's easy, it's something that we've explained before, which is, see, any immediate growth that you see in IoT, it is always hardware-first,

Gautam Rathi

right?

Rohan Verma

You see that reflected in our IoT numbers right now when we did the IoT-led, where we kind of talked about how IoT-led has grown significantly, I think from some 23 to 38 it's somewhere 23 to 41 crore, right? You're seeing that reflected in the hardware, which is 7 crores to 23 crore.

Gautam Rathi

No, sorry, Rohan, my question is

Rohan Verma

No, let me explain. This increase will lead to SaaS revenue in the time to come.

That has always been the case.

Gautam Rathi

There is the SaaS Actually, sir, I was trying to understand the quarterly seasonality. I just want to understand

Rohan Verma

It's not a quarterly seasonality, Gautam. See, our EBITDA on IoT or our services revenue on IoT basically starts subsequent to the hardware revenue, right?

It is, if we have, for example, we talked about at the end of Q4 that two very large IoT accounts amongst other IoT wins came from the auto and enterprise business and the government business, right? Now necessarily what that means is that hardware will grow first, which will be lower margin, and then the SaaS will kick in.

There's a previous SaaS revenue that is coming, and then there'll be a new SaaS revenue that will come. Saying that is there a seasonality, then it is when growth starts, there'll be lower margin, and then as the margin will kick in later.

It's not a quarterly seasonality in a growing business. It's just a kind of a S-curve is not the right way to say it, but I hope you understand.

Gautam Rathi

I don't know if I've been able to Maybe let me just put my question better. See, first of all, I'm not at all talking about margin.

Just the revenue part. Like you said, right?

When it moves from hardware to services over time which you get, it is a cumulative, right? Every quarter, you keep on adding hardware, the revenue of the services will keep on flowing later in the coming quarter.

Logically, the services revenue is a build-up quarter-by-quarter, which means the old revenue plus the new revenue will keep on stacking up, right? I am just trying to understand if you think about it that way, going from 37 crore in Q2 FY26 to 27 crore in Q3 to 24 crore in Q4 and to 18 crore in Q1 of the services part of the IoT revenue.

That is the only seasonality I was trying to understand.

Rohan Verma

Gautam. See, Q1 to Q1, it's 16.3 to 18.

I think what is getting confused is you're looking at sequential quarters, but our billing cycles for services varies. It might be yearly also, it might be 2-yearly also, or it might be monthly, or it might be quarterly, or it might be 6-monthly.

Q4 historically, if you've seen the IoT-led, is a large number. Comparing Q4 to Q1 will not give you the picture.

Gautam Rathi

Actually, okay. Fine.

I'll just take it offline. Just if I may the last one

Rohan Verma

The international business tell you, huh? International business, yeah, things are going fine.

I don't know in our P&L if we've shown the share of loss of JV. Have we shown it in the P&L?

Gautam Rathi

We have.

Rohan Verma

You'll see that is reduced, I'm guessing, huh? Have we shown it in the financials?

Gautam Rathi

Yeah.

Rohan Verma

It has reduced. What that means is, like we said, we are continuously kind of monitoring what's happening in the JV.

That's part of our international business for Southeast Asia. Like that, we are making other smaller, let's say, investments in some other geographies, which we've talked about like Middle East or some other areas.

In those areas, one of the things that we're doing is trying to sell our full stack of solutions, map-led and IoT-led. It's still developing.

We have to be patient, especially in Southeast Asia. It is a interesting, exciting market from a medium-term point of view, and we are continuously doing some course correction or the other so that we ultimately kind of win the international business also in a good way.

Gautam Rathi

In the current revenue, there might not be a material contribution directly into our P&L on the revenue side from international, right? That's fair.

Rohan Verma

No, it's not.

Gautam Rathi

Cost

Rohan Verma

or profit, huh, not material.

Gautam Rathi

Okay. Understood.

Thanks a lot. All the best.

Operator

Thank you, sir. The next question is from the line of Abhishek Jain from Cris PMS.

Please proceed with your question.

Abhishek Jain

Thanks for the opportunity, sir. Sir, in automotive segment, we wanted to understand how's your mix in terms of the two-wheelers, passenger vehicle, and CVs in terms of the revenue?

Rohan Verma

It's all shown in the automotive. We have explained it, and we have also given, if you see the highlights, we've talked about in automotive the wins that we've had across a leading two-wheeler OEM, even a export maps program we have won for a existing passenger vehicle OEM customer for international.

Some of the deployments that have gone live is like Tata Sierra EV for the EV trip planning, or new vehicle launches have happened across two-wheelers like Suzuki, Vespa, Ultraviolette, Ampere, and some IoT deployments which have happened in Force and some other OEMs across line fit and aftermarket. In general, kind of we are building up our business in a gradual way across this AI-powered cockpit, in-vehicle intelligence, SDV, and EV charging network.

I think it's on the right track, and it's looking good at a total level of auto.

Abhishek Jain

I think that your revenue more than 75% will come most probably to come from this passenger vehicle segment. Is it right, sir?

Rohan Verma

We don't break out subvertical levels, Abhishek.

Abhishek Jain

How is the revenue per vehicle in terms of the two-wheelers, passenger vehicles, CVs? How much the increase you are expecting in coming quarters, sir?

Rohan Verma

This is all bespoke. Price is a function of product and use case and customers, and it's all negotiated bespoke.

I can't speak to individual prices or even it's all competitive information, so.

Abhishek Jain

Got it, sir. How is our share of business in the large passenger vehicles OEMs like in Maruti, Hyundai, and others, Mahindra & Mahindra?

Rohan Verma

We are the provider there. We are the supplier there.

Abhishek Jain

How much is our share of business in them?

Rohan Verma

We are the supplier there. We have all the share in these companies: Maruti, Hyundai, Mahindra.

Abhishek Jain

Got it. Sir, just wanted to understand what kind of the growth you're targeting in this automotive segment in this year for FY27, sir?

Rohan Verma

It's looking good. I'm not going to talk about quantitative target.

The objective is to keep winning more orders and to execute on the orders and to kind of, as I said before, we have multiple products, platforms, APIs, and solutions for every vertical including automotive and its subverticals. We are continuously kind of adding.

If you look at the history of our automotive highlights, we've been sharing it for 5 years, you start seeing the expansion of our product range across OEMs. As that increases, the revenue will also increase there.

Operator

Thank you, sir. The next question is from the line of Pranaya Jain from Banyan Tree Advisors Private Limited.

Please proceed with your question.

Pranaya Jain

Hello, sir. Can you hear me?

Rohan Verma

Yeah.

Pranaya Jain

Hello?

Operator

Yes, please proceed with your question.

Pranaya Jain

Yeah. Thank you for the opportunity.

I have two questions. Number one is that I want to understand how a typical contract with an automotive client and an enterprise client look like.

If you can spend some time on what is the typical tenure, how is the pricing structured at inception, what are the provisions for, say, a price escalation or scope expansion over the life of the contract, that would be great. That is my first question.

Rohan Verma

Yeah. In the slides in the investor presentation, we've gone into fair amount of detail to explain the business description.

We've talked about products, we've talked about industries, we've also talked about the way that we deliver our various products, platforms, APIs, and solutions. There, we have talked about the revenue model.

I'll kind of point you to that where we talk about product licensing and subscriptions, which is that MaaS, maps as a service, software as a service, platform as a service. Then we do device sales and device as a service where we provide it either in a capex mode where the customer buys the device or the customer is leasing the device along with the SaaS that he's paying us.

Finally, we also have the option of, or in some cases, providing the delivery of the solutions, services, and systems integration. You can think that we are both an OEM In some cases, we are able to do FE/systems integration type of work, forward deployed engineering and systems integration.

Pricing model is either one of per vehicle, or per API transaction, or per user, or per solution, whatever is applicable for that particular customer and product, and it's for certain time periods. We've explained that.

I think it'll be good if you kind of go through that, it'll help you understand.

Pranaya Jain

I have gone through that, I also wanted to understand typically, what is the tenure of the contract? Like say, if companies

Rohan Verma

are taking so No, there's no typical, it varies. For some customer, it could be 5 years, some customer, it could be 1 year.

There's no typical. It is all bespoke.

The model is that we are what we explain that, but it is a portfolio of kind of deals.

Pranaya Jain

Right. Understood.

Understood. Second question is on, say, wallet share expansion.

Like within the same customer, how do you grow your sales?

Rohan Verma

Yeah. That is what we explained that for every customer, okay, we have multiple use cases for their variety of needs based on our multiple products, platforms, APIs, and solutions.

Actually, that is what makes us interesting and differentiated to the customer also. Unlike any other company, there are multiple products we can offer and also we can do solutions, especially in our segments of this map-led and IoT-led, which we have detailed out of what do we mean in map-led, what do we mean in IoT-led.

It's all deep-tech, it's all digital transformation-driven, it is all sunrise sectors, which have been adopted well in the past and some which are getting adopted now and in the future. In every customer, there are opportunities for wallet expansion.

That is what the cadence is for our teams in existing customers, and then we also kind of replicate what we have done for that customer to other players in that industry. That's kind of how the business, kind of the order book and then the billing revenue kind of grows.

Pranaya Jain

Understood. Got it.

Thank you.

Operator

Thank you, sir. The next question is from the line of Jainam Doshi from Cris PMS.

Please proceed with your question.

Jainam Doshi

Yeah. Wanted to confirm the reason for lower gross margin, is it primarily due to the change in the product mix, like higher growth of IoT hardware sales is leading to such blended margins, or how is it?

If you can give a color on that.

Rohan Verma

You're talking about lower margin means lower EBITDA? EBITDA margin.

Jainam Doshi

Gross margins which is yeah, yeah, that is also okay. We can talk about EBITDA also.

That will be, that it will trickle.

Rohan Verma

We have not talked about gross margin. We have given you the idea of EBITDA margin, correct?

Jainam Doshi

Right.

Rohan Verma

The mix is different. You're right.

The mix for this particular quarter was different. That is what we've kind of mentioned, I think, somewhere.

You can see that reflected in that hardware mix versus services mix.

Jainam Doshi

Understood. Sir, how are we evaluating the digital twin cities opportunities which is unfolding?

Are we looking at such opportunities aggressively? With respect to the Naksha Scheme being launched by Maharashtra Government, will we play a role there?

Just to understand on the government side for it.

Rohan Verma

We are pretty well-positioned in digital twin from a capability point of view. I think more we are platform company there with, not just geospatial, but IoT and process twin.

We are, of course, looking at all of these carefully. We are careful in terms of what we pick, as somebody was mentioning before, what will lead to good receivables versus bad receivables.

We've seen that issue play out in the peer companies, and we want to be careful there. We are looking at that space quite aggressively, and we have strong capabilities, but we'll be calibrated in our approach.

Jainam Doshi

Understood. Thanks a lot.

That's it from my end.

Operator

Thank you, sir. As there are no further questions from the participants, I now hand the conference over to management for closing comments.

Rohan Verma

Just thank you everybody for kind of joining, and we look forward to the year to come.

Operator

Thank you, sir. On behalf of Arihant Capital Markets Limited, that concludes this conference call.

Thank you for joining us, and you may now disconnect your lines. Thank you.

Rohan Verma

Thank you.