Emerson Radio Corp.

MSN

MSNEmerson Radio Corp. US flag

New York Stock Exchange American

0.42

USD

+0.01

- -

8.88MMarket Cap

Income Statement (USD)

API Chat

	2011 Y	2012 Y	2013 Y	2014 Y	2015 Y	2016 Y	2017 Y	2018 Y	2019 Y	2020 Y	2021 Y	2022 Y	2023 Y	2024 Y	2025 Y
Sales/Revenue/Turnover	201	163	128	78	76	46	21	15	9	6	7	8	7	9	11
+ Sales & Services Revenue	201	163	128	78	76	46	21	15	9	6	7	8	7	9	11
- Cost of Revenue	173	142	109	63	62	39	16	14	9	5	6	6	5	8	10
+ Cost of Goods & Services	173	142	109	63	62	39	16	14	9	5	6	6	5	8	10
Gross Profit	28	21	20	15	14	7	5	1	- -	1	2	2	2	2	1
+ Other Operating Income	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
- Operating Expenses	9	9	9	11	9	8	5	5	4	6	6	5	4	5	7
+ Selling, General & Admin	7	8	8	10	9	8	5	5	4	6	6	5	4	5	7
+ Research & Development	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Other Operating Expense	2	1	1	1	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Operating Income (Loss)	19	12	11	4	5	-1	- -	-4	-4	-5	-4	-3	-2	-3	-6
- Non-Operating (Income) Loss	-3	-1	1	4	- -	- -	- -	- -	-1	-1	- -	- -	-1	-4	-1
+ Interest Expense, Net	- -	- -	- -	-1	- -	- -	- -	- -	-1	-1	- -	- -	-1	-1	-1
+ Interest Expense	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
- Interest Income	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	1	- -	- -	1	1	1
+ Other Non-Op (Income) Loss	-3	-1	1	4	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	-3	- -
Pretax Income	22	13	10	- -	5	-1	- -	-3	-3	-4	-4	-4	-1	1	-5
- Income Tax Expense (Benefit)	6	2	4	-1	3	- -	- -	3	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
- (Income) Loss from Affiliates	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Income (Loss) from Cont Ops	16	11	6	1	2	-1	- -	-7	-2	-4	-4	-4	-1	1	-5
- Net Extraordinary Losses (Gains)	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Discontinued Operations	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Extraord. & Accounting Changes	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Income (Loss) Incl. MI	16	11	6	1	2	-1	- -	-7	-2	-4	-4	-4	-1	1	-5
- Minority Interest	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Net Income, GAAP	16	11	6	1	2	-1	- -	-7	-2	-4	-4	-4	-1	1	-5
- Preferred Dividends	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
- Other Adjustments	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Net Income Avail to Common, GAAP	16	11	6	1	2	-1	- -	-7	-2	-4	-4	-4	-1	1	-5
EBIT	19	12	11	4	5	-1	- -	-4	-4	-5	-4	-3	-2	-3	-6
EBITDA	19	12	11	4	5	-1	- -	-4	-4	-5	-4	-3	-2	-3	-6
EBITDA Margin (%)	9.66	7.44	8.38	4.63	6.32	-2.97	-1.46	-25.79	-40.56	-72.95	-52.3	-36.79	-28.72	-37.2	-51.33
EBITA	19	12	11	4	5	-1	- -	-4	-4	-5	-4	-3	-2	-3	-6
Gross Margin (%)	13.9	12.85	15.39	19.04	18.65	15.15	23.41	7.33	2.17	18.26	22.78	23.99	29.27	17.24	8.35
Operating Margin (%)	9.41	7.27	8.3	4.52	6.22	-3.07	-1.53	-25.84	-40.61	-73.51	-55.43	-39.4	-28.73	-37.48	-52.06
Profit Margin (%)	7.93	6.51	4.67	1.69	2.48	-2.12	-1.12	-45.61	-27.13	-68.44	-53.4	-44.19	-18.95	8.45	-43.87
Sales per Employee	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Dividend per Share	- -	- -	- -	- -	0.7	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Depreciation Expense	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Basic Weighted Avg Shares	27	27	27	27	27	27	27	25	22	21	21	21	21	21	21
Basic EPS, GAAP	0.59	0.39	0.22	0.05	0.07	-0.04	-0.01	-0.27	-0.11	-0.2	-0.19	-0.17	-0.06	0.04	-0.22
Basic EPS from Cont Ops	0.59	0.39	0.22	0.05	0.07	-0.04	-0.01	-0.27	-0.11	-0.2	-0.19	-0.17	-0.06	0.04	-0.22
Diluted Weighted Avg Shares	27	27	27	27	27	27	27	25	22	21	21	21	21	21	21
Diluted EPS, GAAP	0.59	0.39	0.22	0.05	0.07	-0.04	-0.01	-0.27	-0.11	-0.2	-0.19	-0.17	-0.06	0.04	-0.22
Diluted EPS from Cont Ops	0.59	0.39	0.22	0.05	0.07	-0.04	-0.01	-0.27	-0.11	-0.2	-0.19	-0.17	-0.06	0.04	-0.22

Balance Sheet (USD)

API Chat

	2011 Y	2012 Y	2013 Y	2014 Y	2015 Y	2016 Y	2017 Y	2018 Y	2019 Y	2020 Y	2021 Y	2022 Y	2023 Y	2024 Y	2025 Y
Total Current Assets	69	75	81	77	60	58	57	47	41	37	34	30	31	29	23
+ Cash, Cash Equivalents & STI	45	45	67	59	43	50	53	41	36	34	30	26	25	20	16
+ Cash & Cash Equivalents	40	45	21	26	43	30	27	25	8	6	5	26	25	20	1
+ ST Investments	5	- -	45	32	- -	20	25	16	28	28	25	- -	- -	- -	15
+ Accounts & Notes Receiv	12	13	7	8	8	4	1	2	1	- -	1	1	1	1	2
+ Accounts Receivable, Net	11	12	6	4	4	3	1	2	1	- -	1	1	1	1	1
+ Notes Receivable, Net	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Loans Receivable, Net	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Other Receivable, Net	1	1	1	4	4	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Inventories	9	11	3	5	5	2	1	3	4	2	2	2	4	7	5
+ Raw Materials	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Work In Process	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Finished Goods	11	11	3	5	5	2	1	3	4	2	2	2	4	7	5
+ Inventory Adjustments	-2	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Other Inventory	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Other ST Assets	4	5	4	5	4	2	2	1	1	1	1	1	1	- -	- -
+ Misc ST Assets	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Prepaid Expenses	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ ST Derivative & Hedging Assets	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ ST Assets Held-for-Sale	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ ST Deferred Tax Assets	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Total Noncurrent Assets	7	4	2	2	2	2	1	1	1	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	1
+ Property, Plant & Equip, Net	3	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1
+ Property, Plant & Equip	4	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	- -	1	1	1	- -	1	1
- Accumulated Depreciation	1	1	1	1	- -	1	1	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ LT Investments & Receivables	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ LT Investments	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ LT Receivables	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Other LT Assets	4	3	1	2	2	2	1	1	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Total Intangible Assets	2	2	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Goodwill	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Other Intangible Assets	2	2	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ LT Deferred Tax Assets	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ LT Derivative & Hedging Assets	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Misc LT Assets	3	2	1	2	2	2	1	1	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Total Assets	77	79	83	79	62	60	58	48	42	38	34	30	31	29	24
+ Payables & Accruals	16	10	9	4	3	3	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	2	1
+ Accounts Payable	14	9	7	4	2	2	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
+ Accrued Taxes	- -	- -	1	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	1
+ Interest & Dividends Payable	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Other Payables & Accruals	1	1	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ ST Debt	3	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ ST Borrowings	3	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ ST Finance Leases	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Other ST Liabilities	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	3	- -	- -
+ Deferred Revenue	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Derivatives & Hedging	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Deferred Tax Liabilities	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Misc ST Liabilities	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	3	- -	- -
Total Current Liabilities	18	11	9	4	3	3	1	1	1	1	2	1	5	2	2
+ LT Debt	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ LT Borrowings	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ LT Finance Leases	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Other LT Liabilities	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	3	2	2	2	2	1	1	- -
+ Accrued Liabilities	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Pension Liabilities	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Deferred Revenue	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Deferred Tax Liabilities	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Derivatives & Hedging	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Misc LT Liabilities	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	3	2	2	2	2	1	1	- -
Total Noncurrent Liabilities	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	3	2	2	2	2	1	1	- -
Total Liabilities	19	11	9	4	4	3	1	4	3	3	3	3	6	3	2
+ Preferred Equity and Hybrid Capital	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3
+ Share Capital & APIC	99	99	99	99	80	80	80	80	80	80	80	80	80	80	80
+ Common Stock	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
+ Additional Paid in Capital	99	99	99	99	80	80	80	80	80	80	80	80	80	80	80
- Treasury Stock	24	24	24	24	24	24	24	31	33	33	33	33	33	33	33
+ Retained Earnings	-21	-10	-4	-3	-1	-2	-2	-9	-12	-16	-20	-24	-25	-24	-29
+ Other Equity	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Equity Before Minority Interest	58	68	74	75	58	57	57	44	39	34	30	27	25	26	21
+ Minority/Non Controlling Interest	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Total Equity	58	68	74	75	58	57	57	44	39	34	30	27	25	26	21
Total Liabilities & Equity	77	79	83	79	62	60	58	48	42	38	34	30	31	29	24
Shares Outstanding	27	27	27	27	27	27	27	23	21	21	21	21	21	21	21
Number of Employees	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Capital Leases - Total	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Net Debt	-37	-45	-21	-26	-43	-30	-27	-25	-8	-6	-5	-26	-25	-20	-1
Net Debt to Equity	-63.92	-66.01	-28.9	-34.97	-74.72	-52.59	-48.26	-57.32	-20.44	-18.23	-16.56	-95.37	-99.25	-75.84	-5.52
Tangible Common Equity Ratio	70.82	81.73	85.34	90.84	88.3	90.03	92.69	84.75	84.61	82.08	80.04	78.34	70.6	78.84	77.28
Current Ratio	3.79	7.11	9.46	19.55	17.21	21.94	61.82	42.67	42.97	30.9	21.87	21.46	6.69	14.49	13.33
Cash Conversion Cycle	11.3	21.51	21.36	19.47	31.74	39.92	37.21	72.52	162.47	165.9	108.46	119.16	237.88	281.39	221.35

Cash Flow Statement (USD)

API Chat

	2011 Y	2012 Y	2013 Y	2014 Y	2015 Y	2016 Y	2017 Y	2018 Y	2019 Y	2020 Y	2021 Y	2022 Y	2023 Y	2024 Y	2025 Y
+ Net Income	16	11	6	1	2	-1	- -	-7	-2	-4	-4	-4	-1	1	-5
+ Depreciation & Amortization	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Non-Cash Items	3	-2	1	- -	1	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1
+ Stock-Based Compensation	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Deferred Income Taxes	5	1	1	-1	1	1	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Asset Impairment Charge	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Other Non-Cash Adj	-1	-4	-1	- -	- -	- -	-1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1
+ Chg in Non-Cash Work Cap	6	-9	14	-9	1	7	2	2	- -	2	-1	-1	1	-6	- -
+ (Inc) Dec in Accts Receiv	10	- -	6	1	- -	4	3	- -	1	- -	- -	-1	- -	- -	-1
+ (Inc) Dec in Inventories	2	-1	8	-2	1	2	1	-2	- -	2	- -	- -	-2	-3	2
+ (Inc) Dec in Prepaid Assets	- -	-2	1	-2	- -	2	-1	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Inc (Dec) in Accts Payable	-6	-5	- -	-5	- -	-1	-2	3	-1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	-1
+ Inc (Dec) in Other	- -	- -	- -	-2	1	-1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	3	-3	- -
+ Net Cash From Disc Ops	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Cash from Operating Activities	26	- -	22	-8	4	7	2	-5	-2	-2	-4	-5	- -	-5	-4
+ Change in Fixed & Intang	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Disp in Fixed & Intang	- -	3	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Disp of Fixed Prod Assets	- -	3	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Disp of Intangible Assets	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Acq of Fixed & Intang	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Acq of Fixed Prod Assets	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Acq of Intangible Assets	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Cash (Repurchase) of Equity	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	-6	-3	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Increase in Capital Stock	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Decrease in Capital Stock	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	-6	-3	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Net Change in LT Investment	3	5	-45	- -	- -	-20	-5	9	-12	- -	3	25	- -	- -	-15
+ Dec in LT Investment	3	5	- -	- -	- -	- -	33	70	44	2	28	25	- -	19	1
+ Inc in LT Investment	- -	- -	-45	- -	- -	-20	-38	-61	-56	-2	-25	- -	- -	-19	-16
+ Net Cash From Acq & Div	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Cash from Divestitures	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Cash for Acq of Subs	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Cash for JVs	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Other Investing Activities	-1	- -	- -	13	32	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Net Cash From Disc Ops	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Cash from Investing Activities	2	8	-45	13	32	-20	-4	9	-12	- -	3	25	- -	- -	-15
+ Dividends Paid	- -	- -	- -	- -	-19	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Net Cash From Debt	-3	-5	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Cash From Debt	88	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Repayments of Debt	-91	-5	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Other Financing Activities	- -	2	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Net Cash From Disc Ops	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Cash from Financing Activities	-3	-3	- -	- -	-19	- -	- -	-6	-3	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Effect of Foreign Exchange Rates	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Net Changes in Cash	25	5	-24	5	17	-13	-3	-2	-17	-2	-1	20	- -	-5	-19
EBITDA	19	12	11	4	5	-1	- -	-4	-4	-5	-4	-3	-2	-3	-6
EBITDA Margin (%)	9.66	7.44	8.38	4.63	6.32	-2.97	-1.46	-25.79	-40.56	-72.95	-52.3	-36.79	-28.72	-37.2	-51.33
Free Cash Flow	25	- -	22	-8	4	7	2	-5	-2	-2	-4	-5	- -	-5	-4
Net Cash Paid for Acquisitions	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Free Cash Flow to Firm	26	- -	22	- -	4	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	-5	- -
Free Cash Flow to Equity	22	-2	22	-8	4	7	2	-5	-2	-2	-4	-5	- -	-5	-4
Free Cash Flow per Basic Share	0.94	-0.01	0.8	-0.3	0.16	0.25	0.07	-0.2	-0.1	-0.09	-0.2	-0.22	-0.01	-0.26	-0.18
Price/Free Cash Flow	2.53	-574.01	2.05	-7	8	3.37	19.68	-7.16	-13	-7.71	-6.27	-3.43	-37.17	-2.17	-2.72
Cash Flow to Net Income	1.61	-0.01	3.62	-6.15	2.36	-6.99	-7.89	0.75	0.9	0.44	1.08	1.3	0.22	-6.86	0.77
Capital Expenditures	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -