Sangoma Technologies Corporation

SANG

SANGSangoma Technologies Corporation US flag

NASDAQ Global Select

4.77

USD

-0.04

- -

159.81MMarket Cap

Income Statement (USD)

Income Statement API ChatGPT

	2011 Y	2012 Y	2013 Y	2014 Y	2015 Y	2016 Y	2017 Y	2018 Y	2019 Y	2020 Y	2021 Y	2022 Y	2023 Y	2024 Y	2025 Y
As of date	06/30/2011	06/30/2012	06/30/2013	06/30/2014	06/30/2015	06/30/2016	06/30/2017	06/30/2018	06/30/2019	06/30/2020	06/30/2021	06/30/2022	06/30/2023	06/30/2024	06/30/2025

Sales/Revenue/Turnover	12	14	12	13	13	16	21	44	84	96	131	224	253	247	237
+ Sales & Services Revenue	12	14	12	13	13	16	21	44	84	96	131	224	253	247	237
- Cost of Revenue	3	4	4	4	4	5	7	20	33	34	42	67	80	74	75
+ Cost of Goods & Services	3	4	4	4	4	5	7	20	33	34	42	67	80	74	75
Gross Profit	9	9	8	9	9	11	13	24	51	62	89	157	173	173	162
+ Other Operating Income	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
- Operating Expenses	9	9	8	8	8	11	12	20	45	55	84	162	176	174	163
+ Selling, General & Admin	5	6	6	5	6	7	8	14	30	37	62	128	104	101	88
+ Research & Development	2	3	3	2	3	4	4	6	16	18	21	34	37	40	42
+ Other Operating Expense	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	34	33	33
Operating Income (Loss)	1	1	- -	1	1	- -	1	3	6	7	6	-6	-3	-1	-1
- Non-Operating (Income) Loss	5	- -	4	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	3	4	1	99	29	8	5
+ Interest Expense, Net	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	2	2	4	7	7	4
+ Interest Expense	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	2	2	4	7	7	4
- Interest Income	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Other Non-Op (Income) Loss	5	- -	4	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	2	-1	95	22	2	1
Pretax Income	-4	1	-5	1	- -	- -	1	3	2	4	4	-104	-32	-9	-6
- Income Tax Expense (Benefit)	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	1	1	4	6	-3	-1	-1
- (Income) Loss from Affiliates	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Income (Loss) from Cont Ops	-4	- -	-4	1	- -	- -	1	2	1	3	- -	-111	-29	-9	-5
- Net Extraordinary Losses (Gains)	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Discontinued Operations	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Extraord. & Accounting Changes	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Income (Loss) Incl. MI	-4	- -	-4	1	- -	- -	1	2	1	3	- -	-111	-29	-9	-5
- Minority Interest	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Net Income, GAAP	-4	- -	-4	1	- -	- -	1	2	1	3	- -	-111	-29	-9	-5
- Preferred Dividends	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
- Other Adjustments	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Net Income Avail to Common, GAAP	-4	- -	-4	1	- -	- -	1	2	1	3	- -	-111	-29	-9	-5
EBIT	1	1	- -	1	1	- -	1	3	6	7	6	-6	-3	-1	-1
EBITDA	4	3	2	3	2	2	3	6	11	17	22	34	42	44	44
EBITDA Margin (%)	32.05	20	15.76	20.29	18.19	13.36	15.03	14.04	12.81	17.28	17.13	15.08	16.71	17.83	18.49
EBITA	1	1	- -	1	1	- -	1	3	6	7	6	-6	-3	-1	-1
Gross Margin (%)	74.52	68.79	65.52	66.92	67.21	67.98	65.2	53.88	60.95	64.61	68.08	69.93	68.42	69.89	68.34
Operating Margin (%)	4.81	4.66	-1.55	6.39	4.06	2.08	5.34	7.65	6.67	7.75	4.32	-2.46	-1.17	-0.43	-0.54
Profit Margin (%)	-31.69	3.02	-33.47	5.33	1.55	0.54	2.98	4.28	1.4	2.97	0.21	-49.38	-11.49	-3.5	-2.12
Sales per Employee	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Dividend per Share	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Depreciation Expense	3	2	2	2	2	2	2	3	5	9	17	39	45	45	45
Basic Weighted Avg Shares	4	4	4	4	4	5	5	5	7	10	29	31	33	33	33
Basic EPS, GAAP	-0.9	0.1	-0.99	0.17	0.05	0.02	0.13	0.35	0.16	0.28	0.01	-3.52	-0.88	-0.26	-0.15
Basic EPS from Cont Ops	-0.9	0.1	-0.99	0.17	0.05	0.02	0.13	0.35	0.16	0.28	0.01	-3.52	-0.88	-0.26	-0.15
Diluted Weighted Avg Shares	4	4	4	4	4	5	5	6	8	10	29	31	33	33	33
Diluted EPS, GAAP	-0.9	0.1	-0.99	0.17	0.05	0.02	0.12	0.32	0.15	0.28	0.01	-3.52	-0.88	-0.26	-0.15
Diluted EPS from Cont Ops	-0.9	0.1	-0.99	0.17	0.05	0.02	0.12	0.32	0.15	0.28	0.01	-3.52	-0.88	-0.26	-0.15

Balance Sheet (USD)

Balance Sheet API ChatGPT

	2011 Y	2012 Y	2013 Y	2014 Y	2015 Y	2016 Y	2017 Y	2018 Y	2019 Y	2020 Y	2021 Y	2022 Y	2023 Y	2024 Y	2025 Y
As of date	06/30/2011	06/30/2012	06/30/2013	06/30/2014	06/30/2015	06/30/2016	06/30/2017	06/30/2018	06/30/2019	06/30/2020	06/30/2021	06/30/2022	06/30/2023	06/30/2024	06/30/2025

Total Current Assets	14	13	12	13	10	9	12	24	28	40	53	60	62	57	43
+ Cash, Cash Equivalents & STI	9	5	4	5	2	2	5	12	9	20	22	13	11	16	13
+ Cash & Cash Equivalents	9	5	4	5	2	2	5	12	9	20	22	13	11	16	13
+ ST Investments	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Accounts & Notes Receiv	4	5	5	5	5	4	2	5	9	9	16	25	27	22	17
+ Accounts Receivable, Net	2	4	5	5	4	3	2	5	9	8	15	16	16	16	11
+ Notes Receivable, Net	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Loans Receivable, Net	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Other Receivable, Net	2	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	1	9	11	5	6
+ Inventories	2	3	3	2	3	3	3	5	8	9	12	17	18	15	8
+ Raw Materials	- -	- -	1	2	1	2	2	2	3	3	4	5	5	6	5
+ Work In Process	1	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Finished Goods	1	2	2	1	2	2	2	3	6	6	8	13	14	11	4
+ Inventory Adjustments	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	-1	-1	-1	-2	-1
+ Other Inventory	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Other ST Assets	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	1	1	2	3	5	6	5	4
+ Misc ST Assets	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Prepaid Expenses	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ ST Derivative & Hedging Assets	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ ST Assets Held-for-Sale	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ ST Deferred Tax Assets	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Total Noncurrent Assets	8	9	5	5	9	9	9	15	45	89	487	438	381	344	304
+ Property, Plant & Equip, Net	2	3	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	2	14	21	27	22	19	14
+ Property, Plant & Equip	3	3	1	1	1	1	1	2	3	18	28	39	41	42	38
- Accumulated Depreciation	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	1	4	7	12	19	24	25
+ LT Investments & Receivables	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ LT Investments	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ LT Receivables	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Other LT Assets	5	6	4	4	9	9	9	15	44	75	466	411	359	325	290
+ Total Intangible Assets	5	6	4	4	8	7	8	14	40	71	463	404	352	319	286
+ Goodwill	3	3	- -	- -	1	1	1	4	16	32	267	210	188	188	187
+ Other Intangible Assets	2	3	4	4	7	6	6	10	24	39	196	194	164	132	100
+ LT Deferred Tax Assets	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ LT Derivative & Hedging Assets	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Misc LT Assets	- -	- -	1	1	1	1	1	1	3	4	3	7	7	6	4
Total Assets	22	22	16	17	19	18	21	39	73	129	540	499	443	401	347
+ Payables & Accruals	2	2	2	2	3	2	2	6	12	13	26	45	32	28	20
+ Accounts Payable	2	2	2	2	3	2	2	6	11	10	22	29	24	21	16
+ Accrued Taxes	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	3	1	8	6	6	5
+ Interest & Dividends Payable	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Other Payables & Accruals	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	9	2	- -	- -
+ ST Debt	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	1	3	1	3	15	17	21	20	23	22
+ ST Borrowings	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	1	3	1	3	12	15	18	18	20	21
+ ST Finance Leases	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	2	2	4	3	3	1
+ Other ST Liabilities	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	2	9	9	12	12	11	10	7
+ Deferred Revenue	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	2	8	8	11	12	11	10	7
+ Derivatives & Hedging	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Deferred Tax Liabilities	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Misc ST Liabilities	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	1	- -	- -	- -	- -
Total Current Liabilities	2	2	2	2	5	3	6	9	24	36	55	78	63	60	49
+ LT Debt	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	3	14	35	72	101	95	67	34
+ LT Borrowings	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	3	14	25	60	87	83	58	27
+ LT Finance Leases	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	10	12	14	12	9	7
+ Other LT Liabilities	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	3	3	37	25	19	14	9
+ Accrued Liabilities	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	3	3	29	20	18	13	7
+ Pension Liabilities	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Deferred Revenue	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Deferred Tax Liabilities	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Derivatives & Hedging	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Misc LT Liabilities	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	8	5	1	1	2
Total Noncurrent Liabilities	1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	3	18	38	109	126	113	81	43
Total Liabilities	2	2	2	2	5	3	6	12	42	74	164	205	177	141	92
+ Preferred Equity and Hybrid Capital	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Share Capital & APIC	17	17	16	16	15	14	14	24	28	49	178	218	398	401	401
+ Common Stock	- -	- -	15	14	13	13	13	23	27	47	172	203	380	381	380
+ Additional Paid in Capital	17	17	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	5	15	18	20	21
- Treasury Stock	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Retained Earnings	3	3	-1	-1	- -	- -	- -	2	3	6	7	-104	-133	-142	-147
+ Other Equity	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	-1	- -	1	1	1	- -
Equity Before Minority Interest	20	20	15	15	14	14	15	27	32	55	376	294	266	260	254
+ Minority/Non Controlling Interest	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Total Equity	20	20	15	15	14	14	15	27	32	55	376	294	266	260	254
Total Liabilities & Equity	22	22	16	17	19	18	21	39	73	129	540	499	443	401	347
Shares Outstanding	4	4	4	4	5	5	5	7	8	11	19	21	33	33	33
Number of Employees	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Capital Leases - Total	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	12	14	18	14	11	8
Net Debt	-9	-5	-4	-5	-1	-1	-2	-9	8	17	53	92	90	62	34
Net Debt to Equity	-45.13	-24.94	-25.71	-30.41	-6.56	-4.09	-14.87	-31.77	26.31	31.08	14.05	31.29	33.7	23.71	13.54
Tangible Common Equity Ratio	86.55	84.47	86.69	85.92	57.55	65.51	54.26	51.3	-25.68	-27.69	-112.03	-117.11	-93.31	-73.53	-53.55
Current Ratio	8.67	6.08	6.84	6.48	2.07	2.43	1.92	2.54	1.17	1.09	0.97	0.77	0.98	0.95	0.86
Cash Conversion Cycle	78.58	168.92	228.77	212.51	191.42	112.99	116.88	41.65	19.64	14.17	-10.73	-23.05	-15.46	-12.68	-22.17

Cash Flow Statement (USD)

Cash Flow Statement API ChatGPT

	2011 Y	2012 Y	2013 Y	2014 Y	2015 Y	2016 Y	2017 Y	2018 Y	2019 Y	2020 Y	2021 Y	2022 Y	2023 Y	2024 Y	2025 Y
As of date	06/30/2011	06/30/2012	06/30/2013	06/30/2014	06/30/2015	06/30/2016	06/30/2017	06/30/2018	06/30/2019	06/30/2020	06/30/2021	06/30/2022	06/30/2023	06/30/2024	06/30/2025

+ Net Income	-4	- -	-4	1	- -	- -	1	2	1	3	- -	-111	-29	-9	-5
+ Depreciation & Amortization	3	2	2	2	2	2	2	3	5	9	17	39	45	45	45
+ Non-Cash Items	4	2	4	- -	1	- -	- -	1	-1	-1	1	106	17	4	- -
+ Stock-Based Compensation	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	4	10	3	3	3
+ Deferred Income Taxes	- -	2	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	-1	- -	4	6	-3	-1	-1
+ Asset Impairment Charge	4	- -	4	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	92	23	- -	- -
+ Other Non-Cash Adj	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	-1	-1	-7	-2	-6	2	-2
+ Chg in Non-Cash Work Cap	- -	-4	- -	- -	- -	1	1	-1	3	-2	1	-13	-7	4	2
+ (Inc) Dec in Accts Receiv	- -	-2	- -	- -	- -	1	1	1	-2	1	-2	-1	-1	4	7
+ (Inc) Dec in Inventories	- -	-2	- -	- -	-1	- -	-1	- -	-1	-1	-1	-5	-1	3	4
+ (Inc) Dec in Prepaid Assets	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Inc (Dec) in Accts Payable	- -	1	- -	- -	1	- -	- -	- -	5	-1	4	-4	-5	-3	-7
+ Inc (Dec) in Other	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	-1	1	-1	-1	-3	-1	-1	-2
+ Net Cash From Disc Ops	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Cash from Operating Activities	4	1	2	3	3	3	4	5	9	9	19	21	26	44	42
+ Change in Fixed & Intang	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Disp in Fixed & Intang	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Disp of Fixed Prod Assets	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Disp of Intangible Assets	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Acq of Fixed & Intang	-3	-3	-3	-2	-2	-2	-2	-1	-2	-2	-3	-5	-4	-4	-2
+ Acq of Fixed Prod Assets	-2	-3	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	-1	-2	-4	-4	-2
+ Acq of Intangible Assets	- -	- -	-3	-2	-2	-2	-2	-1	-2	-1	-2	-3	- -	- -	- -
+ Cash (Repurchase) of Equity	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	9	- -	16	56	- -	-1	- -	-3
+ Increase in Capital Stock	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	9	- -	16	56	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Decrease in Capital Stock	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	-1	- -	-3
+ Net Change in LT Investment	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Dec in LT Investment	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Inc in LT Investment	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Net Cash From Acq & Div	- -	-1	- -	- -	-4	- -	- -	-7	-24	-29	-106	-51	- -	- -	- -
+ Cash from Divestitures	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Cash for Acq of Subs	- -	-1	- -	- -	-4	- -	- -	-7	-24	-29	-106	-51	- -	- -	- -
+ Cash for JVs	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Other Investing Activities	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	-1	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	-7	-7	-6
+ Net Cash From Disc Ops	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Cash from Investing Activities	-3	-4	-3	-2	-6	-4	-2	-8	-26	-31	-108	-56	-11	-11	-9
+ Dividends Paid	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
+ Net Cash From Debt	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	4	- -	14	17	35	26	-8	-26	-33
+ Cash From Debt	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	4	4	16	40	52	45	14	- -	- -
+ Repayments of Debt	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	-3	-2	-23	-17	-19	-22	-26	-33
+ Other Financing Activities	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	-2	- -	1	1	- -	-1	-8	-2	- -
+ Net Cash From Disc Ops	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -
Cash from Financing Activities	- -	- -	- -	- -	1	- -	2	10	15	33	92	25	-17	-28	-36
Effect of Foreign Exchange Rates	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	- -	-2	- -	- -	- -	- -
Net Changes in Cash	1	-4	-1	1	-2	- -	4	7	-3	11	2	-9	-2	5	-3
EBITDA	4	3	2	3	2	2	3	6	11	17	22	34	42	44	44
EBITDA Margin (%)	32.05	20	15.76	20.29	18.19	13.36	15.03	14.04	12.81	17.28	17.13	15.08	16.71	17.83	18.49
Free Cash Flow	1	-2	-1	1	1	1	2	4	7	7	16	16	22	40	39
Net Cash Paid for Acquisitions	- -	1	- -	- -	4	- -	- -	7	24	29	106	51	- -	- -	- -
Free Cash Flow to Firm	- -	-2	- -	1	1	1	2	4	7	8	16	- -	- -	- -	- -
Free Cash Flow to Equity	1	-2	2	3	4	3	8	6	22	25	53	45	15	14	7
Free Cash Flow per Basic Share	0.32	-0.48	-0.17	0.22	0.16	0.24	0.46	0.71	0.94	0.67	0.55	0.51	0.68	1.21	1.18
Price/Free Cash Flow	2.43	4.47	1.71	1.83	1.96	1.55	4.81	6.87	8.03	15.59	30.63	13.02	5.33	4.71	6.25
Cash Flow to Net Income	-1.01	1.75	-0.48	4.41	13.19	36.95	6.48	2.85	7.45	3.05	65.66	-0.19	-0.91	-5.11	-8.34
Capital Expenditures	-3	-3	-3	-2	-2	-2	-2	-1	-2	-2	-3	-5	-4	-4	-2